{"id":29206,"date":"2024-11-26T08:17:05","date_gmt":"2024-11-26T05:17:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migrant.uz\/?p=29206"},"modified":"2024-11-26T10:47:49","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T07:47:49","slug":"rossiya-yana-muhojirlarni-kutmoqda-tahlil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/migrant.uz\/uz\/rossiya-yana-muhojirlarni-kutmoqda-tahlil\/","title":{"rendered":"Kadrlar muammosi raqamlarda: Rossiyadagi 73 foiz korxonaga ishchi kuchi yetishmayapti"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rossiya mehnat bozoridagi vaziyat tobora murakkablashmoqda<\/a>. Rossiya ichki ishlar vazirligi kadrlar yetishmovchiligini qoplash maqsadida migrantlarga ishlash uchun ruxsatnoma berishni sezilarli darajada ko\u2018paytira boshladi. Ishchi kuchi yetishmasligi muammosi mamlakatdagi 73 foiz korxonalar faoliyatiga ta\u2019sir qilgan.<\/p>\n

\u00abNovosibirsk onlayn\u00bb nashrining yozishicha, Novosibirsk viloyati Mehnat va ijtimoiy rivojlanish vaziri Yelena Baxareva mintaqadagi vakansiyalar soni rasmiy ishsizlar sonidan olti barobar ko\u2018pligini aytgan.<\/p>\n

Yetishmovchilikning raqamlardagi ko\u2018rinishi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rossiya Markaziy banki raisi Elvira Nabiullina Davlat dumasining plenar majlisida chiqishida, Markaziy bank so\u2018rovlari natijalariga ko\u2018ra, mamlakatdagi 73 foiz korxonalar hozirgi paytda kadrlar yetishmovchiligini his qilayotganini ma\u2019lum qildi. Uning so\u2018zlariga ko\u2018ra, ishsizlik darajasi hozirda Rossiyada rekord darajada past bo\u2018lib, 2,4 foizni tashkil etmoqda. Kadrlar yetishmovchiligi mamlakatda ishlab chiqarishni cheklovchi asosiy omil bo\u2018lib qolgan.<\/p>\n

Rossiya banki raisi keltirgan ma\u2019lumotlarni Novosibirsk viloyati mehnat va ijtimoiy rivojlanish vaziri Yelena Baxareva ham \u201cTACC\u201dga bergan intervyusida tasdiqladi. Uning so\u2018zlariga ko\u2018ra, viloyatda ochiq vakansiyalar soni rasmiy ishsizlar sonidan olti barobar ko\u2018p. \u00abBunaqasi hech qachon bo\u2018lmagan\u00bb, \u2014 deydi Yelena Baxareva.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Qaysi sohalarda xodimlar yetishmaydi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cRosstat\u201d ma\u2019lumotlariga ko\u2018ra, 2024-yil iyul-sentyabr oylarida Rossiya iqtisodiyotida ishlayotgan aholining umumiy soni 74 milliondan ortiq kishini tashkil etgan. Rossiya mehnat vazirligining ma\u2019lumotlariga ko\u2018ra, \u00abRabota Rossii\u00bb davlat portalida hozirgi kunda 1,6 milliondan ortiq ochiq vakansiyalar mavjud. Ishchi kuchiga eng katta talab sanoat va ishlab chiqarish sohalarida kuzatilmoqda. Shuningdek, sog\u2018liqni saqlash, ta\u2019lim, qishloq xo\u2018jaligi va transport sohalarida ham xodimlarga katta ehtiyoj mavjud. \u00abAsosan turli yo\u2018nalishdagi muhandislar, shifokorlar va tibbiyot hamshiralari, haydovchilar, tikuvchilar, ishlab chiqarish va xizmat xonalarini tozalovchi xodimlar, elektr-gaz payvandchilari, yuk ko\u2018taruvchilar, elektromontyorlar, yordamchi ishchilar talab qilinadi\u00bb, \u2014 deb qayd etmoqda Rossiya mehnat vazirligi mutaxassislari. Masalan, Novosibirsk viloyatida 32 mingdan ortiq ish takliflari mavjud. Ishchilarga eng katta ehtiyoj sanoat, sog\u2018liqni saqlash, qurilish, savdo, ta\u2019lim, qishloq xo\u2018jaligi va transport sohalarida saqlanib qolmoqda. Shuningdek, butun Rossiya shaharlaridagi kabi Novosibirskda ham elektr-gaz payvandchilari, montajchilar, tozalovchilar, betonchilar, armaturachilar va yordamchi ishchilarga talab katta.<\/p>\n

Vaziyatni migrantlar qutqaradi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kadrlar yetishmovchiligini hal qilish maqsadida Rossiya federal hukumati xorijdan ishchi kuchini jalb qilishni ko\u2018paytirmoqda. \u00abIzvestiya\u00bb nashrining ma\u2019lumotiga ko\u2018ra, 2024-yil boshidan buyon Rossiya Ichki ishlar vazirligi migrantlarga ishlash uchun 120,2 mingta ruxsatnoma bergan. Bu o\u2018tgan yilning shu davriga nisbatan 41 foizga ko\u2018p. Ishlash uchun ruxsatnoma viza talab qilinadigan davlatlardan kelgan muhojirlarga beriladi. Novosibirsk oblasti Ichki ishlar boshqarmasi matbuot xizmati xabariga ko\u2018ra, hukumat mehnat migrantlari uchun kvotalar sonini oshirgan. Shuning uchun mehnat migratsiyasi boshqarmalariga murojaatlar va ruxsatnoma berish amaliyoti sezilarli darajada ko\u2018paygan. Ruxsatnomalar asosan sabzavot yetishtirish mutaxassislari, tikuvchilar, montajchilar, kosiblar, armaturachilar va ekspeditorlarga berilgan.<\/p>\n

Migrantlar bilan ham qiyinchiliklar bor<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00abXimmetall\u00bb kompaniyalar guruhi bosh direktori Yevgeniy Gavrilovning aytishicha, qurilish bozorida kadrlar tanqisligi doimo mavjud bo\u2018lgan, lekin hozirgi paytda bu tanqislik yanada o\u2018tkirroq sezilmoqda. Bo\u2018sh vakansiyalarni to\u2018ldirish uchun hattoki xorijlik ishchilarni ham topish qiyin bo\u2018lib qolgan.<\/p>\n

\u00abHozir migrantlarning ko\u2018pchiligi deportatsiya qilinyapti. Ilgari ularning ko\u2018pchiligi ruxsatsiz ishlagan bo\u2018lsa, hozir buni amalga oshirish juda qiyinlashgan\u00bb, \u2014 deydi Gavrilov. Uning aytishicha, uning kompaniyasida xorijlik ishchilar sonini aniq hisoblash qiyin, ammo ba\u2019zi ishlab chiqarish yo\u2018nalishlarida xorijlik ishchilar ulushi 30-40 foizgacha tashkil etishi mumkin. \u00abMening fikrimcha, kadrlar yetishmovchiligining asosiy sababi kasbning obro\u2018sizlanishi. Og\u2018ir jismoniy mehnat bugungi yoshlar uchun jozibali emas va yoshlar bunday ishlarda ishlashni xohlamaydi. Ishchi yetishmovchiligi pulga bog\u2018liq emas \u2014 malakali xodimlarning maoshi hozirda juda yaxshi. Masalan, prorablar yaxshi ustalardan ko\u2018ra kam ish haqi oladi\u00bb, \u2014 deydi u. Tadbirkorning taxminiga ko\u2018ra, yaqin vaqt ichida Rossiyada qurilish bozori qisqarishi mumkin, bu esa kadrlar tanqisligini kamaytirishi tabiiy. \u00abHozir bozor tirikdan ko\u2018ra o\u2018likka yaqinroq. Bugungi sharoitda qurilish iqtisodiy jihatdan samarali emas. Men bozorning qisqarishini taxmin qilyapman \u2014 ko\u2018plab kompaniyalar inqirozga uchrashi mumkin\u00bb, \u2014 deb xulosa qilgan Gavrilov.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Iqtisodiyot va sanoat ishlab chiqarishini tashkil etish instituti katta ilmiy xodimi va Novosibirsk davlat universiteti dotsenti Olga Valiyeva barcha sohalardagi kadrlar tanqisligi va ishsizlik darajasining past bo\u2018lishida ham ijobiy, ham salbiy tomonlarni ko\u2018rmoqda. \u2014 Ijobiy tomonlardan biri shundaki, ishchi kuchi yetishmasligi tadbirkorlarni biznes jarayonlarini avtomatizatsiya qilishga, yangi texnologiyalarni joriy etishga va qo\u2018l mehnatini kamaytirishga undaydi. Shuningdek, ishlab chiqarish xarajatlarini qisqartirish uchun yashirin imkoniyatlarni aniqlashga yordam beradi. Menejment sifatini oshirish va ishlab chiqarish tizimlari samaradorligini oshirish haqida o\u2018ylash vaqti keldi, \u2014 deydi Olga Valiyeva.<\/p>\n

Kadrlar tanqisligining iqtisodiyotga ta\u2019siri<\/strong><\/p>\n

Biroq, kommunal xizmatlar, qurilish, transport va logistika sohalaridagi yirik kadrlar tanqisligi mamlakat va mintaqalarning makroiqtisodiy ko\u2018rsatkichlariga salbiy ta\u2019sir ko\u2018rsatmoqda. \u2014 Iqtisodchilarning baholashicha, faqat kadrlar yetishmovchiligidan kelib chiqqan yo\u2018qotishlar hududiy yalpi mahsulotning 0,5-1,5 foizini tashkil etishi mumkin. Bu esa hozir va istiqbolda Rossiya iqtisodiyotiga salbiy ta\u2019sir ko\u2018rsatadi, \u2014 deydi Valiyeva.<\/p>\n

Migrantlarga ehtiyoj va demografik omillar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Moliyaviy tahlilchi va risk-menejerlar gildiyasi kuzatuv kengashi a\u2019zosi Aleksandr Razuvayevning fikriga ko\u2018ra, kadrlar tanqisligi iqtisodiyotning o\u2018sishini ko\u2018rsatadi. Ammo kadrlar yetishmasligi xuddi shu vaqtda o\u2018sish o\u2018z chegarasiga yetganini ham anglatadi. \u2014 Bunday vaziyatda migrantlarni jalb qilishimizga to\u2018g\u2018ri keladi \u2014 ularsiz ilojimiz yo\u2018q. Bu 1990-yillar boshlaridagi demografik inqiroz natijasi. Hozir odamlar yetarli emas. Ammo mamlakatda so\u2018nggi yarim yil ichida migrantofobiya kuchayib bormoqda, \u2014 deydi Razuvayev.<\/p>\n

Eng yomon ssenariy Razuvayevning aytishicha, ba\u2019zilar yangi hududlardan keladigan mehnat resurslariga umid qilmoqda, ammo Rossiyaga qo\u2018shilgan yangi hududlar ham muammoni hal qila olmaydi. Shu bilan birga, mutaxassis Rossiya iqtisodiyoti \u00abqizil zona\u00bbga kirmasligini ham ishonch bilan ta\u2019kidlaydi. \u2014 Muammo unchalik keskin emas. Agar barcha migrantlarni chiqarib yuborsak, bu zarba birinchi navbatda savdo tarmoqlariga ta\u2019sir qiladi \u2014 ular esa narxlarni oshiradi. Agar eng yomon holatni tasavvur qilsak, inflyasiya biroz oshadi, yalpi ichki mahsulotning o\u2018sishi esa biroz sekinlashadi, \u2014 deya xulosa qiladi Aleksandr Razuvayev.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rossiya mehnat bozoridagi vaziyat tobora murakkablashmoqda. Rossiya ichki ishlar vazirligi kadrlar yetishmovchiligini qoplash maqsadida migrantlarga ishlash uchun ruxsatnoma berishni sezilarli darajada ko\u2018paytira boshladi. Ishchi kuchi yetishmasligi muammosi mamlakatdagi 73 foiz korxonalar faoliyatiga ta\u2019sir qilgan. \u00abNovosibirsk onlayn\u00bb nashrining yozishicha, Novosibirsk viloyati Mehnat va ijtimoiy rivojlanish vaziri Yelena Baxareva mintaqadagi vakansiyalar soni rasmiy ishsizlar sonidan olti barobar ko\u2018pligini aytgan. Yetishmovchilikning raqamlardagi ko\u2018rinishi Rossiya Markaziy banki raisi Elvira Nabiullina Davlat dumasining plenar majlisida chiqishida, Markaziy bank so\u2018rovlari natijalariga ko\u2018ra, mamlakatdagi 73 foiz korxonalar hozirgi paytda kadrlar yetishmovchiligini his qilayotganini ma\u2019lum qildi. Uning so\u2018zlariga ko\u2018ra, ishsizlik darajasi hozirda Rossiyada rekord darajada past bo\u2018lib, 2,4 foizni tashkil etmoqda. Kadrlar yetishmovchiligi mamlakatda ishlab chiqarishni cheklovchi asosiy omil bo\u2018lib qolgan. Rossiya banki raisi keltirgan ma\u2019lumotlarni Novosibirsk viloyati mehnat va ijtimoiy rivojlanish vaziri Yelena Baxareva ham \u201cTACC\u201dga bergan intervyusida tasdiqladi. Uning so\u2018zlariga ko\u2018ra, viloyatda ochiq vakansiyalar soni rasmiy ishsizlar sonidan olti barobar ko\u2018p. \u00abBunaqasi hech qachon bo\u2018lmagan\u00bb, \u2014 deydi Yelena Baxareva. Qaysi sohalarda xodimlar yetishmaydi? \u201cRosstat\u201d ma\u2019lumotlariga ko\u2018ra, 2024-yil iyul-sentyabr oylarida Rossiya iqtisodiyotida ishlayotgan aholining umumiy soni 74 milliondan ortiq kishini tashkil etgan. Rossiya mehnat vazirligining ma\u2019lumotlariga ko\u2018ra, \u00abRabota Rossii\u00bb davlat portalida hozirgi kunda 1,6 milliondan ortiq ochiq vakansiyalar mavjud. Ishchi kuchiga eng katta talab sanoat va ishlab chiqarish sohalarida kuzatilmoqda. Shuningdek, sog\u2018liqni saqlash, ta\u2019lim, qishloq xo\u2018jaligi va transport sohalarida ham xodimlarga katta ehtiyoj mavjud. \u00abAsosan turli yo\u2018nalishdagi muhandislar, shifokorlar va tibbiyot hamshiralari, haydovchilar, tikuvchilar, ishlab chiqarish va xizmat xonalarini tozalovchi xodimlar, elektr-gaz payvandchilari, yuk ko\u2018taruvchilar, elektromontyorlar, yordamchi ishchilar talab qilinadi\u00bb, \u2014 deb qayd etmoqda Rossiya mehnat vazirligi mutaxassislari. Masalan, Novosibirsk viloyatida 32 mingdan ortiq ish takliflari mavjud. Ishchilarga eng katta ehtiyoj sanoat, sog\u2018liqni saqlash, qurilish, savdo, ta\u2019lim, qishloq xo\u2018jaligi va transport sohalarida saqlanib qolmoqda. Shuningdek, butun Rossiya shaharlaridagi kabi Novosibirskda ham elektr-gaz payvandchilari, montajchilar, tozalovchilar, betonchilar, armaturachilar va yordamchi ishchilarga talab katta. Vaziyatni migrantlar qutqaradi Kadrlar yetishmovchiligini hal qilish maqsadida Rossiya federal hukumati xorijdan ishchi kuchini jalb qilishni ko\u2018paytirmoqda. \u00abIzvestiya\u00bb nashrining ma\u2019lumotiga ko\u2018ra, 2024-yil boshidan buyon Rossiya Ichki ishlar vazirligi migrantlarga ishlash uchun 120,2 mingta ruxsatnoma bergan. Bu o\u2018tgan yilning shu davriga nisbatan 41 foizga ko\u2018p. Ishlash uchun ruxsatnoma viza talab qilinadigan davlatlardan kelgan muhojirlarga beriladi. Novosibirsk oblasti Ichki ishlar boshqarmasi matbuot xizmati xabariga ko\u2018ra, hukumat mehnat migrantlari uchun kvotalar sonini oshirgan. Shuning uchun mehnat migratsiyasi boshqarmalariga murojaatlar va ruxsatnoma berish amaliyoti sezilarli darajada ko\u2018paygan. Ruxsatnomalar asosan sabzavot yetishtirish mutaxassislari, tikuvchilar, montajchilar, kosiblar, armaturachilar va ekspeditorlarga berilgan. Migrantlar bilan ham qiyinchiliklar bor \u00abXimmetall\u00bb kompaniyalar guruhi bosh direktori Yevgeniy Gavrilovning aytishicha, qurilish bozorida kadrlar tanqisligi doimo mavjud bo\u2018lgan, lekin hozirgi paytda bu tanqislik yanada o\u2018tkirroq sezilmoqda. Bo\u2018sh vakansiyalarni to\u2018ldirish uchun hattoki xorijlik ishchilarni ham topish qiyin bo\u2018lib qolgan. \u00abHozir migrantlarning ko\u2018pchiligi deportatsiya qilinyapti. Ilgari ularning ko\u2018pchiligi ruxsatsiz ishlagan bo\u2018lsa, hozir buni amalga oshirish juda qiyinlashgan\u00bb, \u2014 deydi Gavrilov. Uning aytishicha, uning kompaniyasida xorijlik ishchilar sonini aniq hisoblash qiyin, ammo ba\u2019zi ishlab chiqarish yo\u2018nalishlarida xorijlik ishchilar ulushi 30-40 foizgacha tashkil etishi mumkin. \u00abMening fikrimcha, kadrlar yetishmovchiligining asosiy sababi kasbning obro\u2018sizlanishi. Og\u2018ir jismoniy mehnat bugungi yoshlar uchun jozibali emas va yoshlar bunday ishlarda ishlashni xohlamaydi. Ishchi yetishmovchiligi pulga bog\u2018liq emas […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":29209,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[67,3,246],"tags":[3197,3065,108,100],"class_list":["post-29206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-category-newsrus","category-news","category-novosti","tag-mehnat","tag-muhojirlar","tag-ish","tag-rossiya"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nKadrlar muammosi raqamlarda: Rossiyadagi 73 foiz korxonaga ishchi kuchi yetishmayapti - Migrantlar uchun axborot-xizmat portali - MIGRANT.UZ<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043a\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u041c\u0412\u0414 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f\u0441\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 73% \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0439.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/migrant.uz\/rossiya-yana-muhojirlarni-kutmoqda-tahlil\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"uz_UZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kadrlar muammosi raqamlarda: Rossiyadagi 73 foiz korxonaga ishchi kuchi yetishmayapti - 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