{"id":31272,"date":"2025-06-27T08:14:11","date_gmt":"2025-06-27T05:14:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migrant.uz\/?p=31272"},"modified":"2025-06-27T08:14:12","modified_gmt":"2025-06-27T05:14:12","slug":"rossiyada-migratsiya-sohasida-o-zgarishlar-nimalarni-bilish-kerak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/migrant.uz\/uz\/rossiyada-migratsiya-sohasida-o-zgarishlar-nimalarni-bilish-kerak\/","title":{"rendered":"Rossiyada migratsiya sohasida o\u2018zgarishlar: nimalarni bilish kerak?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Rossiya 2024 va 2025-yillarda migrantlar uchun qoidalarni o\u2018zgartirmoqda. Bu o\u2018zgarishlar ko\u2018p odamlarga ta\u2019sir qilishi uchun nima bo\u2018layotganini va unga qanday tayyorgarlik ko\u2018rishni <a href=\"https:\/\/uz.kursiv.media\/2025-06-20\/gid-po-migraczii-v-rossiyu-v-2025-zakony-zaprety-i-sovety\/\">bilish muhimdir<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>2024-yil mart oyida \u201cCrocus City Hall\u201ddagi fojiadan so\u2018ng jamiyatda va siyosatchilar orasida migratsiya ustidan qat\u2019iy nazoratga talab kuchaydi. Markaziy Osiyo bo\u2018yicha ekspert Stanislav Pritchinning fikricha, bu vaqtinchalik chora emas, balki rasmiylar patent va yashash uchun ruxsatnomalar berishda suiiste\u2019molliklarni aniqlagan katta tizimning bir qismidir. Hujjatlar tekshirilgan ham muhojirlar, ham mansabdor shaxslar tomonidan korrupsiya holatlari aniqlangan. Endi ular bu bo\u2018shliqlarni yopmoqchi va nazoratni kuchaytirmoqchi.<\/p>\n<p>Bu bilan bog\u2018liq boshqa o\u2018zgarishlar ham mavjud. Isroillik ekspert Andrey Kazansevning aytishicha, ham polisiya, ham millatchi guruhlar tomonidan muhojirlarga bosim kuchayib bormoqda. Polisiya ba\u2019zan nohaqlik qiladi, o\u2018zboshimchalik holatlari mavjud. Kazansevning so\u2018zlariga ko\u2018ra, tez orada bunday holatlar yanada ko\u2018payishi mumkin.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Huquqshunos va migrant.uz sayti asoschisi Botirjon Shermuhammad:<\/strong> <strong>\u201cMuhojirlarga munosabat keskinlashgan. 2024-yilda tekshiruvlarni kuchaytiradigan va chet elliklarning huquqlarini cheklaydigan yangi qonunlar qabul qilindi. Tekshiruvlar ko\u2018paygan, rasmiylar migratsiya nazoratini kuchaytirishga chaqirmoqda. Shu sababli, qonuniy ravishda kelgan ko\u2018plab muhojirlar o\u2018zlarini ishonchsiz his qilishadi: ular tinch ishlashni xohlashadi, lekin ular atrofida ishonchsizlik va qo\u2018rquvni ko\u2018rishadi\u201d.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>2025-yil iyul oyidan boshlab SIM-kartalar bo\u2018yicha qoidalar qattiqlashadi. Chet elliklar biometrik ma\u2019lumotlar yordamida (maxsus ma\u2019lumotlar bazasida ularning yuzining surati) shaxsini tasdiqlashi kerak. Busiz 1-iyuldan SIM-kartalar bloklanadi: siz qo\u2018ng\u2018iroq qila olmaysiz, xabar yubora olmaysiz va internetga kira olmaysiz. Siz SIM-kartani faqat shaxsan va biometrik ma\u2019lumotlar bilan sotib olishingiz yoki qayta ro\u2018yxatdan o\u2018tkazishingiz mumkin, har bir kishi uchun o\u2018ntagacha karta olish mumkin. Onlayn yoki hujjatsiz xarid qila olmaysiz. Agar siz allaqachon migratsiya hujjatlari uchun biometrik ma\u2019lumotlarni topshirgan bo\u2018lsangiz ham, uni SIM karta uchun qayta topshirishingiz kerak. Bu, agar shaxs Rossiyani vaqtincha tark etgan bo\u2018lsa va 1-iyulgacha qaytib kelishga ulgurmasa jiddiy qiyinchiliklarni keltirib chiqaradi.<\/p>\n<p>2025-yil iyun oyi oxiridan boshlab Rossiyaga kirishdan oldin majburiy onlayn ro\u2018yxatdan o\u2018tish joriy etiladi. Kelishdan 72 soat oldin siz Gosuslugi portalining ruID ilovasida ro\u2018yxatdan o\u2018tishingiz, ma\u2019lumotlarni to\u2018ldirishingiz va chegara nazorati uchun QR-kodini olishingiz kerak. Ilovani o\u2018zbek tilida ham to\u2018ldirish mumkin. Rus tilini yaxshi bilmaydigan yoki smartfondan qanday foydalanishni bilmaganlar dasturni o\u2018rnatish, ro\u2018yxatdan o\u2018tish va ma\u2019lumotlarni yuklashda qiynalishi mumkin. Endi shunchaki chipta sotib olib Rossiyaga kirishning iloji bo\u2018lmaydi: kirish ish vizasiga o\u2018xshash ariza orqali amalga oshiriladi.<\/p>\n<p>2025-yilning fevral oyidan boshlab Rossiyada nazorat ostidagi shaxslarning ochiq reyestri \u2013 huquqiy maqomi bilan bog\u2018liq muammolarga duch kelgan migrantlar ro\u2018yxati mavjud. 18-iyun holatiga ko\u2018ra, reyestr 800 mingdan ortiq odamni o\u2018z ichiga oladi. Agar ro\u2018yxatda bo\u2018lsangiz, prezident farmoniga ko\u2018ra, qonuniylashtirish uchun hujjatlarni imkon qadar tezroq topshirishingiz kerak. Biroq, hech kim shaxsan ogohlantirilmaydi &#8211; har bir kishi o\u2018zini Ichki ishlar vazirligining veb-saytida yoki davlat xizmatlarida tug\u2018ilgan sanasi va pasport ma\u2019lumotlarini kiritgan holda tekshirishi kerak. Registr kuniga to\u2018rt marta yangilanadi. Agar migrant reyestrga kiritilgan bo\u2018lsa IIV ruxsatisiz hududni o\u2018zgartira olmaydi, uy yoki mashina sotib ololmaydi, korxona ocha olmaydi, mashina boshqara olmaydi (haydovchilik imtihoniga kira olmaydi), bolalari maktabga olinmaydi va chaqirilganda IIVga kelishi shart. Qoidalarga e\u2019tibor bermaslik deportatsiya qilinish yoki maxsus muassasaga yuborishga olib keladi.<\/p>\n<p>Botirjon Shermuhammadning aytishicha, ko\u2018plab muhojirlar qonuniy yo\u2018l bilan kelgan bo\u2018lsa ham, shu sababli oddiy huquqlaridan mahrum bo\u2018lishadi. Rasmiy ravishda hujjatlarni topshirib, ro\u2018yxatdan chiqib ketish mumkin, biroq amalda katta navbatlar va tashkiliy ishlarning yomonligi tufayli odamlar binolar yaqinida tunab qolib, ayrimlarning sog\u2018lig\u2018i yomonlashadi, hatto navbatda baxtsiz hodisalar ham uchrab turadi.<\/p>\n<p>2025-yil 1-apreldan boshlab migrantlarning farzandlari maktabga qabul qilinganda rus tilidan majburiy imtihon joriy etildi. Ular migrant bolalar uchun bepul ta\u2019limni bekor qilish va rus tili imtihonidan o\u2018tishga urinishlar sonini cheklashni muhokama qilmoqda. Qonun loyihasi allaqachon ma\u2019qullangan: maktablar migrant bolalar haqidagi ma\u2019lumotlarni Ichki ishlar vazirligiga beradi. Botirjon Shermuhammadning so\u2018zlariga ko\u2018ra, bu Rossiya Federatsiyasi Konstitutsiyasiga zid bo\u2018lib, unda hamma uchun bepul ta\u2019lim olish huquqi belgilangan.<\/p>\n<p>Rus tili asosiy to\u2018siq bo\u2018lib qolmoqda. Rossiyada 500 mingdan ortiq muhojir farzandlari istiqomat qiladi, ularning ko\u2018pchiligi rus tilini yaxshi bilmagani uchun maktabda o\u2018qiy olmaydi. Ota-onalar ko\u2018pincha faqat o\u2018z ona tilida gaplashadi, maktablar esa yuqori darajani talab qiladi.<\/p>\n<p>Rossiyada muhojirlarga rus tilini o\u2018rganish uchun qulay kurslar, moslashish dasturlari yoki aniq ko\u2018rsatmalar mavjud emas. Ko\u2018p odamlar hujjatlarni rasmiylashtirish, uy-joy yoki shifokor topish uchun zarur bo\u2018lgan onlayn xizmatlardan (Gosuslugi va boshqalar) qanday foydalanishni bilmaydi. O\u2018zbekiston tomoni hozirdanoq ma\u2019rifiy loyihalar, jumladan, moliyaviy savodxonlikni oshirish bilan shug\u2018ullanmoqda. Oddiy kurslar, videolar va ko\u2018rsatmalar tezroq moslashishga va o\u2018zingizni ishonchli his qilishingizga yordam beradi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mutaxassis maslahati<\/strong><br \/>\nAndrey Kazansev: \u201cAjralib turmaslik uchun til, qoidalar va an\u2019analarni o\u2018rganing. Yurtdoshlaringiz va elchixona bilan aloqada bo\u2018ling: sizga yordam kerak bo\u2018lishi mumkin\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Stanislav Pritchin: <\/strong><em><strong>\u201cRossiyada hozir ishchilar yetishmaydi, shuning uchun ko\u2018pchilikda imkoniyat bor. Asosiysi, rus tilini bilish, kasb-hunar egallash va qonunlarni buzmaslik. Muammoga duch kelmaslik uchun o\u2018zgarishlarni kuzatib boring\u201d.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Botirjon Shermuhammad:<\/strong> <em><strong>\u201cOldindan tayyorgarlik ko\u2018ring: til o\u2018rganing, moliyaviy ahvolingizni tartibga soling, Rossiyada odamlar qanday yashashini o\u2018rganing. Kasbsiz qiyin bo\u2018ladi, shuning uchun mutaxassislikka ega bo\u2018ling. Mahalliy aholi bilan muloqot qiling, bu sizga mamlakatni tushunishga va do\u2018stlar topishga yordam beradi\u201d.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Tashqi mehnat migratsiyasi masalalari agentligi ma\u2019lumotlariga ko\u2018ra, 2025-yil yanvarigacha 1,35 millionga yaqin o\u2018zbekistonlik xorijda mehnat qilmoqda, bu o\u2018tgan yilga nisbatan 34 foizga kam. Eng katta raqam hali ham Rossiyada, biroq ularning soni 1,2 milliondan 698 mingga kamaydi. Ikkinchi o\u2018rinda Qozog\u2018iston (197 mingdan 323 minggacha), uchinchi o\u2018rinda Turkiya (120 mingdan 89 minggacha). Yil davomida tashkil etilgan sayohatlar soni deyarli 4 barobar oshdi: Xorvatiya, Belgiya, Slovakiya, Serbiya, Chernogoriya va Qatar kabi yangi yo\u2018nalishlar paydo bo\u2018ldi.<\/p>\n<p>Bu o\u2018zgarishlar migrantlar oldindan tayyorgarlik ko\u2018rishi lozimligi, til va qonunlarni o\u2018rganishi, texnologiya va hujjatlar bilan ishlay olishi zarurligini ko\u2018rsatadi. Shunda yangi mamlakatda hayot yanada tushunarli va xavfsiz bo\u2018ladi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rossiya 2024 va 2025-yillarda migrantlar uchun qoidalarni o\u2018zgartirmoqda. Bu o\u2018zgarishlar ko\u2018p odamlarga ta\u2019sir qilishi uchun nima bo\u2018layotganini va unga qanday tayyorgarlik ko\u2018rishni bilish muhimdir. 2024-yil mart oyida \u201cCrocus City Hall\u201ddagi fojiadan so\u2018ng jamiyatda va siyosatchilar orasida migratsiya ustidan qat\u2019iy nazoratga talab kuchaydi. Markaziy Osiyo bo\u2018yicha ekspert Stanislav Pritchinning fikricha, bu vaqtinchalik chora emas, balki rasmiylar patent va yashash uchun ruxsatnomalar berishda suiiste\u2019molliklarni aniqlagan katta tizimning bir qismidir. Hujjatlar tekshirilgan ham muhojirlar, ham mansabdor shaxslar tomonidan korrupsiya holatlari aniqlangan. Endi ular bu bo\u2018shliqlarni yopmoqchi va nazoratni kuchaytirmoqchi. Bu bilan bog\u2018liq boshqa o\u2018zgarishlar ham mavjud. Isroillik ekspert Andrey Kazansevning aytishicha, ham polisiya, ham millatchi guruhlar tomonidan muhojirlarga bosim kuchayib bormoqda. Polisiya ba\u2019zan nohaqlik qiladi, o\u2018zboshimchalik holatlari mavjud. Kazansevning so\u2018zlariga ko\u2018ra, tez orada bunday holatlar yanada ko\u2018payishi mumkin. Huquqshunos va migrant.uz sayti asoschisi Botirjon Shermuhammad: \u201cMuhojirlarga munosabat keskinlashgan. 2024-yilda tekshiruvlarni kuchaytiradigan va chet elliklarning huquqlarini cheklaydigan yangi qonunlar qabul qilindi. Tekshiruvlar ko\u2018paygan, rasmiylar migratsiya nazoratini kuchaytirishga chaqirmoqda. Shu sababli, qonuniy ravishda kelgan ko\u2018plab muhojirlar o\u2018zlarini ishonchsiz his qilishadi: ular tinch ishlashni xohlashadi, lekin ular atrofida ishonchsizlik va qo\u2018rquvni ko\u2018rishadi\u201d. 2025-yil iyul oyidan boshlab SIM-kartalar bo\u2018yicha qoidalar qattiqlashadi. Chet elliklar biometrik ma\u2019lumotlar yordamida (maxsus ma\u2019lumotlar bazasida ularning yuzining surati) shaxsini tasdiqlashi kerak. Busiz 1-iyuldan SIM-kartalar bloklanadi: siz qo\u2018ng\u2018iroq qila olmaysiz, xabar yubora olmaysiz va internetga kira olmaysiz. Siz SIM-kartani faqat shaxsan va biometrik ma\u2019lumotlar bilan sotib olishingiz yoki qayta ro\u2018yxatdan o\u2018tkazishingiz mumkin, har bir kishi uchun o\u2018ntagacha karta olish mumkin. Onlayn yoki hujjatsiz xarid qila olmaysiz. Agar siz allaqachon migratsiya hujjatlari uchun biometrik ma\u2019lumotlarni topshirgan bo\u2018lsangiz ham, uni SIM karta uchun qayta topshirishingiz kerak. Bu, agar shaxs Rossiyani vaqtincha tark etgan bo\u2018lsa va 1-iyulgacha qaytib kelishga ulgurmasa jiddiy qiyinchiliklarni keltirib chiqaradi. 2025-yil iyun oyi oxiridan boshlab Rossiyaga kirishdan oldin majburiy onlayn ro\u2018yxatdan o\u2018tish joriy etiladi. Kelishdan 72 soat oldin siz Gosuslugi portalining ruID ilovasida ro\u2018yxatdan o\u2018tishingiz, ma\u2019lumotlarni to\u2018ldirishingiz va chegara nazorati uchun QR-kodini olishingiz kerak. Ilovani o\u2018zbek tilida ham to\u2018ldirish mumkin. Rus tilini yaxshi bilmaydigan yoki smartfondan qanday foydalanishni bilmaganlar dasturni o\u2018rnatish, ro\u2018yxatdan o\u2018tish va ma\u2019lumotlarni yuklashda qiynalishi mumkin. Endi shunchaki chipta sotib olib Rossiyaga kirishning iloji bo\u2018lmaydi: kirish ish vizasiga o\u2018xshash ariza orqali amalga oshiriladi. 2025-yilning fevral oyidan boshlab Rossiyada nazorat ostidagi shaxslarning ochiq reyestri \u2013 huquqiy maqomi bilan bog\u2018liq muammolarga duch kelgan migrantlar ro\u2018yxati mavjud. 18-iyun holatiga ko\u2018ra, reyestr 800 mingdan ortiq odamni o\u2018z ichiga oladi. Agar ro\u2018yxatda bo\u2018lsangiz, prezident farmoniga ko\u2018ra, qonuniylashtirish uchun hujjatlarni imkon qadar tezroq topshirishingiz kerak. Biroq, hech kim shaxsan ogohlantirilmaydi &#8211; har bir kishi o\u2018zini Ichki ishlar vazirligining veb-saytida yoki davlat xizmatlarida tug\u2018ilgan sanasi va pasport ma\u2019lumotlarini kiritgan holda tekshirishi kerak. Registr kuniga to\u2018rt marta yangilanadi. Agar migrant reyestrga kiritilgan bo\u2018lsa IIV ruxsatisiz hududni o\u2018zgartira olmaydi, uy yoki mashina sotib ololmaydi, korxona ocha olmaydi, mashina boshqara olmaydi (haydovchilik imtihoniga kira olmaydi), bolalari maktabga olinmaydi va chaqirilganda IIVga kelishi shart. Qoidalarga e\u2019tibor bermaslik deportatsiya qilinish yoki maxsus muassasaga yuborishga olib keladi. Botirjon Shermuhammadning aytishicha, ko\u2018plab muhojirlar qonuniy yo\u2018l bilan kelgan bo\u2018lsa ham, shu sababli oddiy huquqlaridan mahrum bo\u2018lishadi. Rasmiy ravishda hujjatlarni topshirib, ro\u2018yxatdan chiqib ketish mumkin, biroq amalda [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":31273,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[64,67,66,246,3,74],"tags":[3065,100],"class_list":["post-31272","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-category-newsworld","category-category-newsrus","category-category-newsuzb","category-novosti","category-news","category-law","tag-muhojirlar","tag-rossiya"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Rossiyada migratsiya sohasida o\u2018zgarishlar: nimalarni bilish kerak? - Migrantlar uchun axborot-xizmat portali - MIGRANT.UZ<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0432 2024 \u0438 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445. \u042d\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/migrant.uz\/rossiyada-migratsiya-sohasida-o-zgarishlar-nimalarni-bilish-kerak\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"uz_UZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rossiyada migratsiya sohasida o\u2018zgarishlar: nimalarni bilish kerak? - 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